Developers as Managers of AI Agents: A Workplace Shadowing Study
Time: 11.3% writing prompts (range 6.0%-18.6%), 22.1% checking AI responses (6.6%-59.4%), 8.9% inspecting code (0.5%-36.2%).
0 to 101.6task switches per hour across participants
Delegation
Week 44 · 26 Oct-1 Nov
1 source filed · EN 1
A
Week 41 · 5-11 Oct
1 source filed · EN 1
A What Did the AI Take On? Characterizing Cognitive Delegation in LLM Reasoning
24 frequent LLM users (12 female, 12 male, mean age 25.75) produced 992 retrospective annotations of reasoning steps and tool actions.
48.6%share of LLM reasoning steps users judged as AI-initiated, work they had not asked for
June 2025
1 source filed · EN 1
B The AI Fluency Framework
Delegation: setting goals and deciding whether, when and how to use AI.
Fourinterconnected competencies: Delegation, Description, Discernment, Diligence